Dog Bit by a Snake: What Your Next Steps Should Be

A snake bite can be a frightening experience for both you and your dog. Whether you’re out on a hike or in your own backyard, the unexpected encounter with a snake can lead to serious health issues for your pet. If you’re a frequent hiker, or often encounter snakes on walks or in your yard, learn what actions to take if your dog is bitten by a snake and how to recognize the signs of a snake bite. If you think your dog has been bitten by a snake, contact your emergency vet or Mille Lacs Veterinary Group.

 

 

What to Do After a Snake Bite

When your dog is bitten by a snake, here are the immediate steps you should take:

1. Stay Calm: Your dog will sense your anxiety, which can increase their stress and potentially worsen the effects of the snake bite.
2. Keep Your Dog Still: Movement can increase the spread of venom through your dog’s body. Encourage your dog to stay still and try to carry them if possible.
3. Identify the Snake: If it is safe to do so, try to get a good look at the snake. Identifying the snake can help your veterinarian determine the best course of treatment. However, do not attempt to catch or handle the snake.
4. Avoid Tourniquets and Cutting: Do not apply a tourniquet or attempt to cut the wound. These actions can cause more harm than good.
5. Seek Veterinary Care Immediately: Call Mille Lacs Veterinary Group or the nearest emergency veterinary clinic as soon as possible. Inform them of the situation so they can prepare for your arrival.

What Are Some Signs of a Snake Bite in Dogs?

Symptoms can vary depending on the type of snake and the amount of venom injected. Common signs include:

• Swelling and bruising
• Two puncture wounds at the bite site
• Signs of pain or agitation, such as whining or yelping
• Weakness and lethargy
• Drooling and difficulty breathing
• Vomiting and diarrhea

Types of Snake Bites and Their Effects

Minnesota is home to a variety of snake species, some of which are venomous while most are harmless. Learning about the types of snakes most common in Minnesota and the effects of their bites can help you protect your dog and respond appropriately in case of an encounter.

Timber Rattlesnake

The timber rattlesnake is one of two venomous snakes native to Minnesota. It is relatively rare and primarily found in the southeastern part of the state. Here are some key characteristics and effects of its bite:

• Appearance: Timber rattlesnakes have a distinct rattle on their tails and a patterned body with dark bands.
• Habitat: They prefer forested areas with rocky outcrops and bluffs.
• Bite Effects: A timber rattlesnake bite can cause severe pain, swelling, and tissue damage. In some cases, systemic effects such as blood clotting disorders may occur. Prompt medical attention is crucial to mitigate the effects of the venom.

Eastern Massasauga Snake

The Eastern Massasauga is another venomous rattlesnake native to Minnesota, although it is quite rare and primarily found in specific habitats within the state. It is classified as a threatened species due to habitat loss and declining populations. Here are some key features and information about this snake:

• Appearance: Eastern Massasaugas have a thick body with distinctive dark brown or black blotches on a gray or light brown background. They also have a characteristic rattle on their tail.
• Habitat: This species prefers wetland habitats such as marshes, swamps, and wet prairies. In Minnesota, they are typically found in the southeastern part of the state.
• Bite Effects: The Eastern Massasauga’s venom is hemotoxic, meaning it affects the blood and tissues. It can cause significant pain, swelling, and tissue damage at the bite site.

Common Garter Snake

The common garter snake is widespread throughout Minnesota and is often seen in gardens and near water sources.

• Appearance: Garter snakes are typically greenish with yellow stripes running lengthwise down their bodies.
• Habitat: They are adaptable and can be found in a variety of environments, including wetlands, meadows, and urban areas.
• Bite Effects: Garter snake bites are generally harmless and may cause minor irritation or swelling.

Redbelly Snake

The redbelly snake is small and non-venomous, commonly found in wooded areas.

• Appearance: These snakes have a distinctive red or orange belly with a brown or gray back.
• Habitat: They prefer moist, wooded areas and are often found under logs and leaf litter.
• Bite Effects: Redbelly snakes are not aggressive and their bites are harmless to both humans and dogs.

Smooth Green Snake

The smooth green snake is another non-venomous species found in Minnesota, known for its bright green color.

• Appearance: These snakes are uniformly green, making them well-camouflaged in grassy areas.
• Habitat: They inhabit meadows, prairies, and open woodlands.
• Bite Effects: Smooth green snakes are non-venomous and their bites pose no significant risk.

The Importance of Prompt Veterinary Care

If you believe your dog was bitten by a snake, seek veterinary care immediately.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Your veterinarian at Mille Lacs Veterinary Group will perform a thorough examination to assess the severity of the bite and administer the appropriate treatment. Treatment options may include:

• Antivenom: This is the primary treatment for venomous snake bites. It neutralizes the venom and helps prevent further damage.
• Pain Relief and Anti-Inflammatories: Medications to manage pain and reduce inflammation are often necessary.
• Fluids and Supportive Care: Intravenous fluids and supportive care help maintain your dog’s hydration and overall health during recovery.

Monitoring and Follow-Up Care

Snake bites can have delayed effects, and your dog may need ongoing monitoring and follow-up care. Your veterinarian will guide you on how to care for your dog at home and schedule follow-up appointments to ensure a full recovery.

Protecting Your Dog From Snake Bites

Here are some tips to help reduce the risk of a snake bite:

• When hiking, keep your dog on designated trails and avoid tall grass, rocks, and brush where snakes may hide.
• Keeping your dog on a leash allows you to have better control and prevent them from wandering into snake-prone areas.
• Remove debris, tall grass, and woodpiles from your yard to reduce hiding places for snakes.
• Train your dog to avoid snakes. Some professional trainers offer snake avoidance training for dogs.

If your dog is bit by a snake, call Mille Lacs Veterinary Group immediately for prompt and professional care. Our experienced team is equipped to handle snake bite emergencies and provide your dog with the best possible care.